The windshield usually survives
A windshield is laminated and set at an angle, so hail tends to strike it obliquely and the interlayer absorbs what gets through. Chips and star breaks are common; complete failure is not.
The panes that break are the horizontal ones: the sunroof and the rear glass on a steeply raked hatchback, both of which take the impact square on and are tempered rather than laminated.
What to do afterwards
Photograph everything, including the hail itself if any is still on the ground, with something for scale. Insurers assess hail claims partly on stone size.
Then check the glass carefully in good light. Hail produces multiple small impacts rather than one big one, and it is easy to miss three or four fresh chips scattered across a windshield.
Multiple chips change the decision
One chip is a repair. Four or five across the swept area is usually a replacement — each repair leaves a small blemish, and a windshield with five of them in the driver's view is worse than a new one.
That is also the case where an insurance claim starts to make sense, because the cost has moved above a typical deductible.
If a roof panel broke
Cover it immediately and thoroughly. Hail comes with heavy rain, and an open sunroof aperture will soak a headliner and seats in minutes.
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